At the recent leaders' summit of the 15th Conference of the parties to the Convention on biological diversity, China proposed to vigorously develop renewable energy and accelerate the planning and construction of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base projects in deserts, Gobi and desert areas. The launch of a number of large-scale new energy projects can not only further meet the rapidly growing demand for clean energy, help carbon peak and carbon neutralization, but also promote the steady growth of investment, drive the industrial development in the western region and help the revitalization of rural areas.
The first batch of 100 million KW projects started intensively
China has a vast territory and rich scenery resources. Compared with the 'piecemeal' distributed new energy construction, the base and large-scale construction of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base project is more conducive to short-term large-scale production, and will become an important new energy development mode in the future.
Recently, the first batch of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base projects with an installed capacity of about 100 million KW have been started in an orderly manner. From the large-scale wind power photovoltaic base projects that have been started, Gansu is the largest, followed by Qinghai. On October 15, Gansu Province held a centralized commencement ceremony for new energy projects. On the basis of the centralized commencement of 8.55 million KW determined by the state, the new energy projects with commencement conditions in Jiuquan, Jinchang, Zhangye, Wuwei and Jiayuguan were also included in the scope of centralized commencement, with a total scale of 12.85 million KW.
On the same day, the national large-scale wind power photovoltaic base project started construction in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, with a total installed capacity of 10.9 million KW, including 8 local consumption projects and 7 phase II export projects of Qinghai Henan DC project, with a total investment of more than 65 billion yuan.
Inner Mongolia large base project pays more attention to ecological benefits. On October 16, the construction of 2 million KW photovoltaic sand control project in Kubuqi, Mengxi base, Inner Mongolia began. The project is the largest photovoltaic desertification control project in China, marking a new stage of 'photovoltaic + desertification control' ecological comprehensive treatment.
Ningxia large base project is more intelligent. On October 21, the 2 million KW photovoltaic project of Ningxia electric power company, a national energy group with a total investment of more than 10 billion yuan, started construction. Different from the traditional photovoltaic power station, the photovoltaic power station combines the geological conditions of the mining area, adopts the three-dimensional digital design of 'above ground', 'underground' and 'equipment', and is supported by intelligent equipment such as UAV inspection system, automatic cleaning system and intelligent fault diagnosis system to realize unattended, few people on duty and intelligent operation and maintenance.
The gradual implementation of large base projects is expected to provide strong support for China's economic development and the realization of the 'double carbon' goal. The desert, Gobi and desert areas are rich in wind and solar energy resources in China. Taking Qinghai as an example, the desertification land available for photovoltaic power generation and wind farm construction in the province is more than 100000 square kilometers, the theoretical development capacity of photovoltaic resources is 3.5 billion kw, and the development capacity of wind energy technology is 75.55 million KW.
Ease the tension of power supply
At present, energy has become one of the most scarce commodities in the world. The energy revolution calls for more clean energy supply. The International Energy Agency released a report saying that the progress of global clean energy transformation is 'too slow' to complete climate change related commitments on time, which also hides a greater risk of energy price fluctuations. Therefore, the international energy agency calls on countries to increase investment in clean energy transformation.
'Continue to promote the construction and operation of various power supply projects, and promote the operation of qualified supporting power supply, so as to alleviate the shortage of power supply.' in view of the current tense energy situation, Yu Bing, deputy director of the national energy administration, said that in combination with the renewable energy development plan during the 14th Five Year Plan period, together with relevant parties, accelerate the construction of large-scale wind power and photovoltaic bases, Promote the qualified emergency reserve power supply and thermal power to be put into operation as soon as possible. In the first nine months, more than 14 million kilowatts of wind power and more than 22 million kilowatts of photovoltaic power were put into operation, which can appropriately alleviate the shortage of power supply.
Recently, China's large-scale wind power photovoltaic base projects have been accelerated. According to incomplete statistics, a number of bases were selected for bidding in September, and the bidding scale of 20 million KW was disclosed. At present, most of the bases that have been tendered are required to start construction within the year. They will be connected to the grid before the end of 2023 and become the main force of new installed capacity in the next year.
Li chuangjun, director of the new and renewable energy department of the national energy administration, said that in a comprehensive view, the development of renewable energy during the 14th Five Year Plan period will enter a new stage, and the consumption and storage capacity of new energy will be improved by accelerating the construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body, so as to realize both large-scale development of renewable energy and high-level consumption and utilization, We will more effectively ensure the reliable and stable supply of electricity and achieve high-quality leapfrog development.
'From the perspective of new energy development, the 14th five year plan is a new stage and window period for new energy development. The national positioning is large-scale, high proportion, marketization and high quality. The recent macro policies such as dual control of energy consumption and market-oriented trading of electricity will actively promote the development of new energy, and more than 1 billion kilowatts of new installed capacity will be ushered in in the next 10 years.' Shi Jingli, a researcher at the renewable energy research center of the Energy Research Institute of the national development and Reform Commission, said.
Help build an ecological security barrier
It is worth noting that combining the construction of large scenic bases with deserts, Gobi and desert areas will also contribute to the governance of ecological environment. Taking Kubuqi Desert as an example, it is one of the areas with serious desertification and soil erosion in Inner Mongolia and even the whole country, and it is also one of the three major wind and sand sources in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The Kubuqi photovoltaic sand control project under construction in this round covers a total area of 100000 mu, including 22000 mu of surrounding desert sand restoration and regulation area and 78000 mu of photovoltaic power generation core area. After the completion of the project, the desert vegetation coverage in this area is expected to rise from less than 3% to more than 60%, which will effectively build an ecological security barrier in the north, ensure the ecological security of the Yellow River and Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and comprehensively improve the contribution level of carbon neutralization.
On the 'Kubuqi Desert Ecological solar photovoltaic photothermal treatment sofa power comprehensive demonstration project', elion group successfully explored a new three-dimensional treatment model of 'photovoltaic +'. The reporter saw locally that the photovoltaic support with a height of nearly 3 meters forms a 'shed' shape. Most of the ground under the board has been covered by plants such as alfalfa and licorice, and chickens, ducks and other poultry are running between the boards from time to time. This three-dimensional photovoltaic power generation mode of compound ecology and circular economy not only obtains clean energy, but also forms a virtuous cycle of ecosystem by improving soil by plants and raising poultry according to livestock carrying capacity, which accelerates the process of desertification control and soil improvement.
From the perspective of enterprises, the maximum use of unused land such as Gobi, desert and wasteland to build photovoltaic power plants and reasonably control the cost are the main measures to deal with the high land cost. Wang Wenbiao, chairman of elion group, said in an interview with reporters that the development of photovoltaic in desert has unique advantages in land resources and light duration, but the premise is to control the desert well. 'The desert without governance cannot develop photovoltaic power generation. The photovoltaic panels are covered with sand in one night.'
Li Junfeng, researcher of the national climate change strategy research and international cooperation center, said that adopting the five in one circular industry development model of 'on board power generation, under board planting, inter board aquaculture, desertification control and soil improvement and industrial poverty alleviation', while using innovative technology schemes such as source network load storage and electrolytic water hydrogen production to increase local consumption, is in line with China's green energy transformation and development strategy, It can achieve the effects of green energy, emission reduction and desertification control.